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STOVE 0R PURNAGB. No. 344,647; Patented June 29, 1886.

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CHARLES GARLICK, OF SYRACUSE, NEW' YORK.

stove oa FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 344,647, dated June 29, 1886.

Application iled December D, 1885. Serial No. 185,100.

To @ZZ wwm it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLns GARLICK, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and use ful Improvements in Stoves and Furnaces, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

Thisinvention consists in. combining, with the base-heating iluerci' base-burning stoves or hot-air furnaces and the fire-pot thereof, a supplemental heating-chamber located under neath the base-heating Iiue and connected t0 the fire-pot by a pipe extending from the supplemental heating-chamber to the top of the iire-pot,through which hot air is fed from the lower chamber, as more particularly hereinafter described, into the products of combustion.

It consists, also, in a system of heatingchambers located, respectively, above and below the base -heating flue chamber and in contact therewith, saidchambers being suitably connected tothe combustion-chamber and provided with air-inlets for taking in fresh air for heating purposes and impure air from the house, all as hereinafter described, and set out in the claims; and it furthermore consists in the detail construction and arrangement of the parts, as illustrated in the drawings, more particularly described hereinafter, and pointed out in the claims.

My invention differs from prior stoves in respect to the application of the necessary air to supply the oxygen for producing combustion.

In such prior devices the air is supplied cold by direct draft upward and through the grate and through the combustible matter thereon. In this case the gases of combustion are disintegrated, set free, and carried through the 'flues into the chimney and escape without unifying. This loss involves the waste of fuel to raise the heat to a desired temperature, which would have been prevented could the unification of the gases have been secured in the fire pot, and combustion thereby produced.

Experience shows that when oxygen is heated and fed over the upper surface of a combustible mass a perfect nniiieation of the gases follows and complete combustion ensues.

(No model.)

The reason therefor lies in the fact that at the ordinary temperature of air the chemical affinities of oxygen are dormant; but when raised to the temperature of a red heat the dormant energies of its powers are aroused,`

and it combines immediately with the hydrogen and carbon of the burning mass.

My invention depends on the practical application of this principle in the construction of stoves and hotair furnaces, and such application overcomes the difficulty heretofore encountered in producing combustion in stoves, and a large gain in heat is thereby produced, coupled with great economy in the use of fuel.

In specifying lny invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, like letters indicating corresponding parts in all the figures, in whichd Figure lis a perspective view of a stove, showing my invention applied thereto, the outer shell being partly broken away. Fig. 2 shows a plan of thelower supplemental heatingehamber at the base of the stove under the base-heating flue-chamber. Fig. 3 shows a plan of the base-heating flue-chamber, which is located over the lower supplemental heating-chamber shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4. shows a plan of the upper supplemental hot-air chamber located on top of the chamber shown in Fig. 8, and which receives the cold outside air. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section illustrating more clearly the arrangement of the airchambers and their passages. Fig. 6 shows the application of my invention to a hot-air furnace. Figs. 7, 8, and t) are the plans of the chambers attached tothe furnace, corresponding to those shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4; and Fig. I() is a detached detail in section showing the hot-air feeding-pipe audits cutoff connection.

I will first explain my invention as applied to an ordinary base-burning stove as illustrated in Figs. l to 5 ofthe drawings.

A indicates a stove of the class named provided with the usual firepot, B, feeding-magl.Laine M, and other necessary appurtenances. Thebase of the stove below the ash-pit is composed of three chambers denoted, respectively, in the drawings as 1, 2, and 3. These chambers are preferably constructed as best shown in the sectional view, Fig. 5, the bottom of 3 ICO forming the top of 2,and the bottom of 2 forming the top of 1.

2 is the base-heating flue-chamber, heated in the well-known manner of all base-burning stoves, the products of combustion passing from the fire-pot B into the downward fine a to the flue-chamber 2, from which they ascend the flue b to the chimney. On the top and bottom of 2 are placed the upper supplemental hot-air chamber, 3, heated by radiation, and the lower supplemental heating airchamber, 1. K

Connected to`thc upper supplemental hotair chamber, 3, is the cold-air-supply pipe E, which introduces fresh cold air from without the house in which'the stove may be placed. rIhis chamber 3, as will be observed upon referring to the drawings, owing to its location between the base-heating flue-chamber 2 and the ash-pit of the stove, is heated intensely vhot by radiation from above and below, and

the fresh cold air introduced therein from the outside of the building is taken directly through the hot-air flues c c into the hot-air of the room.

storage-chamber J at the top of the stove and diffused into the room th rough the escape orices or openings D D.

It is well understood that when hot air or radiated heat is taken into a room that the cold heavy air of a room is `displaced as the hot air rises and it settles toward the bottom follows,viz: I provide thelower supplemental heating air-chamber, 1, located u nderneath the base-'heating chamber 2,as described, and provide it with the inlet F, Figs. 1 and 2, open-` ing into the room where the stove is placed.

On the interior of 1 I provide the divisions or passages G G G, as best shown in Fig. 2, and connect the hot-air pipe H, as shown in said ligure. The displaced air of the room, which is often impure, rushes into the inlet F and passes through the divisions G G, becoming heated from the radiations of the baseheating fine-chamber 2, the divisions G G G serving to retard the current of air, thereby increasing the heat as it passes upward into the hot-airfeed-pipe H.

The hot-air pipe has its exit end located just above the fire-pot B, and the hot air passing through it is discharged into the gases of combustion, supplying the necessary oxygen to unite with said gases to produce combustion.

It will be observed that the chamber 1 and Ahot-air pipe H, perform a twofold office in This displaced air Iutilze 'as' supply heated oxygen directly to the gases, with which it Unities, thus gaining a uniform surface ofcombustion equally over and through the burning mass in the fire-pot without the necessity of the powerful direct draft through the. grate essential to the present construction of stoves, and, since the gases unify by the supply of heated oxygen in the process of combustion, compressions of gas in the stove causing the heretofore annoying and dangerous leakage of gas through crevices and imperfect joints into the rooms to poison the air is obviated and overcome. It is obvious also that great economy in the use of fuel accrues from the described construction, owing to the fact that the gases of combustion are consumed, and the heat produced therefrom fully utilized, both from direct radiation and the heated air given out from the storagechamber J.

For the purpose of controlling the operation of the stove and checking its action, I provide the cut off device illustrated inthe detached sectional view, Fig. 10, with an extension, H', connected to the downward flue a, which is adjustably connected to the hotair pipe by a damper, K, by means of which the supply of hot air to the fire-pot can be regulated or wholly eut off at will, as desired.

At Figs. 6 to 9 I have illustrated au application of my invention to a hot-air furnace, which I will now proceed to describe. In this case the construction differs from that of the stove simply in the construction and connection of the cold-air pipes, and the arrange- ICO air for heating purposes. Of course the dimensions of all the parts are enlarged.

A represents the hot-air furnace, provided with the fire-pot B, and with hot-air iiues C C, leading up from the supplemental hotair chamber 3 at the base of the furnace into the hot-air chamber J at the topl thereof, the same as in the stove. The downward line c connects with the base heating flue chamber 2, and the uptake-fine I), as in the stove, and the hot-air pipe H is connected to the lower supplemental heating air-chamber, I, as in the stove, said airchamber being divided into passages G G G, as in the stove. The upper end of the hot air pipe H has its discharge above the fire-pot B, as illustrated imFig. 6. In this case the inlet F is elongated to connect with the base of the rooms to be heated, since it is customary to set hot-air furnaces in the cellar or basement of the buildings where they are used, and the fresh cold-air pipe arranged in any desired manner according to the location of the furnace. In fact, the description of the stove describes the upper hot-air furnace, with the exception that the hot-air chamber?) is preferably divided into passages I I I, like the lower supplemental heating air-chamber, 1, for the purpose of giving more circulation to the air over the radiating-surfaces, allowance being made for the difference in dimen- IIO sions and the location of the furnace. In both or furnace, of a hot-1lue combustion-ehamber, 4o

cases the most desirable results accrue from the use of my invention.

It is obvious that the invention can be applied to any form of stove by modifying,` the construction of the parts to the desired form. I do not, therefore, restrict myself in this re` spect to the forms illustrated herein, having,` selected them simply for the purpose of exempliication.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a base-burning stove or hot-air furnace, the combination, with the base-heating Huechamber, the fire-pot, and flue a, of a sup' Vplemental heating-chamber located against the base-heating flue-chamber, and the hot-air pipe I-I, connecting said chamber with the firepot, and having its discharge end located at the top of the fire-pot to feed hot air from the supplemental heatingchamber into the products of combustion,substantially as described.

2. In combination, the fire-pot B, the baseheating chamber 2, flue ci, supplemental heating-chamber l, and hot-air feed-pipe H, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In a base-burning stove or hot-air furnace, in combination, the re-pot and combustion-chamber B, the hot-air pipe H, extend ing above the ireepot, the extension H', connected with the downward flue a, the damper K, located between pipes H H', for turning the hot air either into the fire-pot or iiue a, the downward flue a, and the smokeexit flue b, all substantially as and for the purpose specied.

4. The combination, in a baseheating stove 2, and a supplemental heating air-chamber, 3, attached to said hot-flue chamber, and a supplemental heating,` air-chamber, l, located below said hot-Hue chamber and attached thereto, the hot-air pipe H, the lire-pot B, the downward iue a, and the exit-lue b, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a base-heating stove or furnace, of a supplemental heating airchamber located below the ashpit and above V thel hot-flue chamber, the bottom thereof forming the top of the hot-flue chamber, the

hot flue chamber, the bottom thereof forming the top of a supplemental heating airchamber located below said hot-flue chamber and the supplemental heating air-ch amber, the l1ot-air feed-pipe H, passing through the hotflue chamber 2 and supplemental heating air-chamber 3, the fire-pot B, the flue a, the hot-air conduits c c, and smokeexit I), substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. The combination of the supplemental heating airchamber 1, provided with the divisions G G G, the inlet F, pipe I'I, the fire-pot and combustionchamber B, the downward flue a, the hot-flue chamber 2, and the exit-flue b, all substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name, in the presence of two attesting` witnesses,atSyracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, this 7th day of December, 1885.

CHARLES GARLICK. [L

7Witnesses:

FREDERICK H. Grens, E. C. CANNON. 

